The Piedmont News is an email digest of top news stories about conservation, land use, energy, and environmental matters of interest to the region. We hope you’ll share The Piedmont News with someone else who cares about these stories.
Ruthie Windsor-Mann |
Cows grazing in an autumn field on Hume Road. |
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The Winchester Star
(November 20, 2025)
Clarke County Board of Supervisors Chairman David Weiss has sent his Loudoun County counterpart a letter voicing concerns about a $20 million hotel complex proposed for construction near the counties’ border. Eastwind Blue Ridge is to be developed on about 147 acres in the vicinity of Paris Mountain. Most of the property is in Loudoun County, where all of the development is to occur. Still, about 38 acres of the hotel grounds are to be in Clarke County, near U.S. 50 (John Mosby Highway) and Route 601 (Blue Ridge Mountain Road), and about 15½ acres are to be in Fauquier County, a site plan shows.
Richmond Times-Dispatch
(November 19, 2025)
Virginia’s farm families are the bedrock of our food system and the backbone of our rural communities. Yet right now, in Virginia and throughout the Potomac watershed, far too many of these family farms are being kept in the dark. Sewage sludge marketed as “biosolids” fertilizer is increasingly being found to contain PFAS — the toxic “forever” chemicals that never break down and are linked to cancers, thyroid disease, reproductive harm, immune suppression, and developmental damage in children.
Business Insider
(November 19, 2025)
The North American Electric Reliability Corporation published a report on Tuesday that found expected power consumption this winter is set to grow by 20 gigawatts compared to winter 2024 — most of which is not driven by residential demand. "The biggest one is data center growth in many parts of North America," Mark Olson, manager of reliability assessment at NERC, told Business Insider of the increase in power demand.
The Washington Post
(November 14, 2025)
An estimated 95-99 percent of the original grasslands are gone in the eastern U.S... The remnants ... are small pieces of land ... along roadsides or underneath power lines, where nobody wanted to farm... Researchers are finding that, acre for acre, the remnants attract a rich community of insects and “are the most diverse plant systems on the continent,” says Devin Floyd. ... When we arrived at the remnant on Lucky Hill Road, we found a legal notice posted. Data-center developers want to turn the 2,000-year-old grassland into “Gigaland.”
Piedmont Environmental Council
(November 14, 2025)
Data centers and rising energy costs were a top issue for voters in the election. But who’s really in charge? And, who’s responsible for ensuring there’s a transparent, sustainable, achievable energy plan for our state? Every Virginian should be alarmed about the number, as well as size and scale of data center projects underway. As Gov. Spanberger and new state legislators set their 2026 priorities, Virginia policymakers and citizens should pay attention to the following three things.
KSDK
(November 24, 2025)
Missouri utility regulators just passed new rules focused on data centers and other large electricity users in the eastern and central portions of the state. The Missouri Public Service Commission passed the large-load tariff on Monday, a tool used to bring new power needs onto the grid while minimizing the risk to residents, as submitted by Ameren Missouri, the state's largest utility.
The Virginian-Pilot
(November 24, 2025)
If you have free time over the Thanksgiving holiday, why not head for one of Virginia’s state parks? With the opening of Hayfields State Park in October, the commonwealth now has 44 state parks, in every region from the mountains to the coast.
Virginia Mercury
(November 24, 2025)
Virginia DEQ is not required to test biosolids for the presence of PFAS under current law. A map provided by the agency shows that biosolid permits have been granted in almost all corners of the commonwealth. The federal Environmental Protection Agency put out a draft assessment on the risk two chemicals in the PFAS family pose on farmers with amounts as small as one part per billion. However, the report did not call for the regulation of those chemicals when they are found in biosolids.
This article mentions The Piedmont Environmental Council.
Bay Journal
(November 21, 2025)
The future of the Chesapeake Bay cleanup greatly depends on what happens at a gathering of state and federal leaders at Baltimore’s Inner Harbor on Dec. 2. The Chesapeake Bay Program’s Executive Council is set to consider adopting a raft of updates to the blueprint that has guided the multi-state and federal effort for more than a decade.
Information Charlottesville
(November 20, 2025)
Next year marks the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence and historic sites across the Commonwealth are gearing up for celebrations and commemorations. The Virginia Tourism Corporation and the Virginia American Revolution Committee have launched a passport program to encourage visits to places like Highland and Monticello.
Reuters
(November 19, 2025)
PJM Interconnection, the biggest grid operator in North America, spanning 13 states and Washington, D.C., said they planned to move forward with a plan to manage the connection of the giant server warehouses that are propelling the country's power use to record highs and raising the risk of supply shortfalls.
The Daily Progress
(November 14, 2025)
The Appalachian Trail Conference (now Conservancy) was established in 1925 to oversee development of the world’s longest hiking-only trail. Conceived by Benton MacKaye in 1921, the trail has evolved into a 2,198-mile hiking path from Springer Mountain in Georgia to Mt. Katahdin in Maine. The trail spans 14 states, and Virginia boasts 550 miles, accounting for more than a quarter of its length.
The Winchester Star
(November 13, 2025)
By cutting hay a few weeks later, Shenandoah Valley farmers could save both money and birds. A new conservation program is paying producers to delay mowing and grazing so threatened grassland species can safely nest. The Virginia Grassland Bird Initiative, or VGBI, announced this month that enrollment is open through Nov. 30 for its 2026 haying and grazing season.
This article quotes members of the PEC staff and highlights the Virginia Grassland Bird Initiative, a Piedmont Environmental Council partner initiative with American Farmland Trust, the Smithsonian, Quail Forever, and Shenandoah Valley Conservancy.
C-VILLE Weekly
(November 22, 2025)
The primary goal of Charlottesville’s new zoning code is to increase the number of places for people to live within city limits. Along with that comes initiatives to make adjustments to city streets that makes them safer for all who use them. After a woman was killed crossing Elliott Avenue at dusk in early October 2024, the city’s Public Works Department was tasked with making dozens of “quick-build” projects that change traffic configuration using low-cost methods.
Information Charlottesville
(November 22, 2025)
Six weeks have passed since the announcement that AstraZeneca would be investing $4.5 billion at Albemarle’s Rivanna Futures property. The county’s Economic Development Authority got a briefing on November 18. Albemarle purchased around 462 acres of land around the Rivanna Station military base in late 2023 for what had been described earlier that year as an “Intelligence Community Innovation Acceleration Campus.” Since then, Albemarle County has rezoned part of the land and secured funds to get it ready for development.
Information Charlottesville
(November 22, 2025)
The Charlottesville Redevelopment and Housing Authority is moving ahead with a redevelopment of Westhaven, the first public housing complex built in the city.
In October, CRHA submitted a major development plan to the city’s Department of Neighborhood Development Services calling for a total of 264 units. NDS staff have denied approval of this first round.
C-VILLE Weekly
(November 19, 2025)
On November 19, the Albemarle Board of Supervisors had been expected to endorse an initiative from economic development staff to apply for a special pool of state funding. The money will support construction of a $42 million extension of Boulders Road northward from a county business park called Rivanna Futures.
Charlottesville Community Engagement
(November 18, 2025)
The owners of an industrial park in the Broadway section of Albemarle County in the Woolen Mills neighborhood requested a special use permit earlier this year to fill in the flood plain for a 1.47 acre section of a larger property. The idea is to create more potential building space though a site development plan was not included in the application.
Information Charlottesville
(November 18, 2025)
Charlottesville City Council adopted a new zoning code in December 2023 that has now survived a legal challenge and is ready for its first set of changes and adjustments.
Earlier this year, the city’s Department of Neighborhood Development Services began work on a series of reviews of the code. Council got a briefing on November 3.
C-VILLE Weekly
(November 17, 2025)
One of the last undeveloped stretches of U.S. 29 in Albemarle’s urban ring could soon be the home of new apartment buildings.
Landshark LLC, a subsidiary of the United Land Corporation, wants to change the zoning of a nearly eight-acre strip of land at the entrance of the Carrsbrook neighborhood from commercial to residential.
The Gander North Residential proposal offers a range of 80 to 237 units.
The Crozet Gazette
(November 7, 2025)
Shimp Engineering submitted a revised application for its Windy Knoll development to county planners in October after deferring its initial request in July. The plan was originally presented at a Crozet community meeting in June with a total of 22 units for a density of seven dwelling units per acre. The revised plan would construct 18 units with a mix of single-family detached, single-family attached, and multi-family attached housing types.
The Winchester Star
(November 23, 2025)
If a proposed subdivision comes to fruition in northeast Berryville, the construction of more than 100 new homes wouldn't occur all at once, the developer pledges. Thursday night, Regan detailed his firm's plans for Battletown Run to the Berryville Planning Commission. The subdivision would be developed on approximately 42.5 acres off Battletown Drive and Bel Voi Drive, as well as near Norfolk Southern's railroad tracks, maps show.
The Winchester Star
(November 20, 2025)
The Clarke County Board of Supervisors has approved the rezoning of roughly 40 acres of the former Camp 7 prison property off U.S. 340/522 (Stonewall Jackson Highway) for the development of a new business park. Until now, the property has been zoned Agricultural-Open Space-Conservation (AOC). It will be rezoned Double Tollgate Light Industrial (DT-LI) — a designation specifically created for the park’s development — and Highway Access Corridor Overlay District (HAC).
Culpeper Star-Exponent
(November 22, 2025)
Town leaders recently approved spending nearly $124K to mitigate noise in a residential neighborhood coming from four light & power department generators on Electric Avenue—in an area where more industrial noise, from data centers, could be on the horizon.
Fauquier Times
(November 19, 2025)
Fauquier County is among sixteen counties eligible for a financial incentives program in 2026 that will reward farmers who adopt land management practices that protect Virginia’s grassland birds during the nesting season. The Virginia Grassland Bird Initiative pays farmers $35 per acre for delaying the first cut of hay until July 1 or rotating livestock out of certain fields between April 15 and July 1 in an effort to safeguard native grassland birds who use hayfields and pasturelands as habitats amid the continued loss of grasslands.
This clip quotes Piedmont Environmental Council Wildlife Habitat Program Manager, October Greenfield.
Fauquier Times
(November 18, 2025)
Stakeholders interested in the future of the Town of Remington appeared with checks in hand at Monday’s town council meeting.
Employees from PointOne Data Centers, the developers behind the data center campus at Remington Technology Park, filled the back row of Remington Town Hall at a regular council meeting Monday evening.
Fauquier Now
(November 16, 2025)
A proposed eight-lot subdivision on Old Meetze Road that could connect two Warrenton developments found some support among Town Council this week. The developer, Tricord Inc., is seeking a waiver to the town’s zoning ordinance to allow for a dead-end cul-de-sac.
Fauquier Times
(November 14, 2025)
After years of delays, All Points Broadband says that the company’s first Fauquier County customers could have broadband access as early as January 2026.
Representative Tom Innes delivered the company’s most recent promises to the Fauquier County Board of Supervisors on Nov. 13, adding that he expects all customers to be online before a Dec. 31, 2026, deadline.
Loudoun Now
(November 21, 2025)
As Loudoun’s state representatives prepare for next year’s General Assembly session, county leaders are working on their own list priorities they’re hoping to see supported by the delegates and senators next year.
A focus this year are initiatives that look to address affordability concerns by area residents.
Loudoun Now
(November 21, 2025)
Two proposals to address noise impacts from aircraft at Dulles International Airport received endorsement from the Board of Supervisors this week, however a third proposal that would look to change the paths of travel for some flights did not.
Loudoun Times-Mirror
(November 21, 2025)
When hydrogeologist David Ward retired, he was approached by a nonprofit coalition about Loudoun County’s groundwater supply.
“I had noticed things were dry,” he said.
His analysis of groundwater data was included in a study, released this fall by the Loudoun County Preservation and Conservation Coalition, that says groundwater is no longer a sustainable resource in the county.
Loudoun Now
(November 20, 2025)
After more than 260 years, the last cow has left Leesburg. Maude last week found a new home in the Hillsboro countryside. The six-year-old Dexter, known to passersby for her docile, friendly demeanor, was the last of the herd at Rock Spring Farm on the western edge of Leesburg’s historic district. While it may seem odd to see an agricultural property filled with cows and geese just blocks from the downtown core, Rock Spring has been a working farm for more than two centuries.
Bloomberg
(November 19, 2025)
Dominion Energy Inc. is in talks to buy the Northern Virginia Electric Cooperative. A purchase of NOVEC would provide additional opportunities for Virginia’s largest utility to serve the rapid build-out of data centers in its backyard. The nonprofit electricity cooperative has multiple data center customers and a territory around “Data Center Alley,” the world’s biggest hot spot for the computing facilities.
Loudoun Times-Mirror
(November 19, 2025)
After receiving feedback at a Loudoun County Planning Commission public hearing in July and a community meeting in September, the applicant for the proposed Valley Commerce Center flex industrial park on Purcellville Road outside the town of Purcellville has offered some changes.
Loudoun Now
(November 18, 2025)
The second draft of Leesburg’s Zoning Ordinance rewrite has been released and the town is inviting public input on the proposed regulations. Since the release of the first draft in March, the Planning Commission has held public meetings twice a month to review, revise and add new language to the draft. New sections have been added to the second draft including Section 5-7, Crescent District; Section 19-2, Tree Canopy Conservation; Division 21, Signs; Division 23; Attainable Housing.
Loudoun Now
(November 17, 2025)
Plans for a new 18-mile trail through eastern Loudoun are advancing after receiving endorsement from the Board of Supervisors’ finance committee last week.
The trail, known as the Signature Project, is part of Loudoun’s Trails and Waterways, formerly known as the Linear Parks and Trails initiative, and is hoped to eventually connect with other trail networks, creating a 40-mile loop through eastern Loudoun.
Loudoun Times-Mirror
(November 17, 2025)
Del. David A. Reid, D-Loudoun, vice chair of the Chesapeake Bay Restoration Fund Advisory Committee, announced that the committee has approved 43 projects, providing more than $280,000 in grants to support Chesapeake Bay education and restoration initiatives across Virginia. Four of the approved proposals benefit Loudoun.
Loudoun Times-Mirror
(November 17, 2025)
Loudoun Wildlife Conservancy has released its first Loudoun Streams Report Card which provides a snapshot of the county’s stream health and how residents can help improve it.
Based on 2024-2025 monitoring data, Loudoun’s streams earned an overall C+ (58%), the report states.
Water clarity was strong (A, 92%), but higher phosphate levels (C+, 59%) showed that nutrient pollution remains a concern.
The Cool Down
(November 14, 2025)
Some farmers have been hesitant to support solar because of how it could threaten their livelihoods. However, the PEC's use of agrivoltaics aims to change that. The council hopes to prove that farming and solar can thrive together. The project will provide fresh produce for the local community while generating 17 kilowatts of energy. It will also improve energy resiliency, with two batteries in place in case of a grid outage.
This article mentions the Piedmont Environmental Council and quotes PEC Community Farm Manager Teddy Pitsiokos.
Loudoun Now
(November 14, 2025)
The latest adjustments to plans by JK Land Holdings to build flex industrial space just outside the Town of Purcellville include shrinking the building’s foot print from its originally proposed 1.3 million-square-foot design.
During a Planning Commission work session Thursday night, the JK team told commissioners they were now envisioning just under 1 million square feet of building space in their request to rezone 117 acres.
Loudoun Now
(November 13, 2025)
The Leesburg Town Council on Monday was scheduled to hold a public hearing on a policy change that would allow data centers, flex industrial buildings and parkland in the Eastern Gateway District Small Area Plan, but the applicant pulled it from the agenda. Vice Mayor Todd Cimino-Johnson said the applicant has withdrawn the text amendment until January.
Loudoun Now
(November 13, 2025)
A proposal to build a 450,000-square-foot data center just outside of Leesburg is also looking to pilot a long duration energy storage facility that could help reduce the building’s reliance on generators when the power grid is overloaded.
The application, submitted by Cochran Tech LC, would rezone just over 17 acres along Cochran Mill Road south of Luck Stone Quarry. Cochran Tech is also requesting a minor special exception to permit a utility-scale energy storage use.
This article mentions The Piedmont Environmental Council, which opposed this project.
CVILLE Right Now
(November 20, 2025)
With over 80% of land in Virginia privately owned, conservation groups in the Commonwealth know the success of their initiatives will depend largely on how much local support they get. With that in mind, the Virginia Grassland Bird Initiative [held] a free open house for landowners in Etlan and Syria on Friday "dedicated to creating a community around our habitats and protecting them."
The Virginia Grassland Bird Initiative is mentioned and PEC's Virginia Grassland Bird Initiative Assistant Lauria McShane is quoted in this story.
The Rapidan Register
(November 17, 2025)
As part of ongoing work on the Orange County Zoning Ordinance, county officials are discussing a technology zone. The district, which is being proposed through a zoning ordinance amendment, is intended to accommodate high-intensity technology-based uses including data centers, technology schools or colleges and technology research and development facilities.
The Piedmont Environmental Council is following this process and sent an email alert to our Orange County constituents about this draft ordinance.
The Piedmont Journal Recorder
(November 23, 2025)
Residents across our Rappahannock-Madison region deserve a clear understanding of what FirstEnergy is proposing with its Sperryville-to-Luray Transmission Line Rebuild Project.
FirstEnergy plans to replace its existing wooden structures with taller steel towers, a change that could permanently mar some of the most cherished views in our rural landscape.
Rappahannock News
(November 18, 2025)
The Rappahannock League for Environmental Protection (RLEP) received an award Monday from the Sierra Club, a centuries-old nonprofit focused on environmental protection nationwide.
The Piedmont Group of the Virginia Chapter of the Sierra Club awards Earth Flags to unsung volunteers who make a difference in protecting nature in our area.
Prince William Times
(November 24, 2025)
Western Prince William County is losing another longtime nursery business to data center development. South Riding Nurseries, located beside Jiffy Lube Live, will shutter at the end of the year to make way for two new data centers planned along Rollins Ford and Wellington roads. The news comes less than a month after Merrifield Garden Center in Gainesville announced its sale to a data center developer for $160 million.
InsideNoVa
(November 20, 2025)
Construction on the PW Digital Gateway is prohibited until a citizen-led legal challenge of the massive Prince William data center project concludes, the Virginia Court of Appeals ordered this week. A Nov. 17 order from the court partially granted a motion for reconsideration of an earlier order allowing construction on PW Digital Gateway to proceed, effectively reversing the authorization and prohibiting construction pending the conclusion of the appeal.
InsideNoVa
(November 13, 2025)
A new 6.5-mile Dominion Energy transmission line in western Prince William County connecting an existing substation in Nokesville to the future Bristow switching station is sparking citizen outcry over its presumed link to increased grid demand resulting from local data centers. The 230-kilovolt transmission line was front and center at a Nov. 5 rally and protest at George Mason University’s Beacon Hall in Manassas prior to a Dominion Energy open house on the issue.
The Washington Post
(November 23, 2025)
Carson McDonald thought he would be a homeowner by now. But the 35-year-old engineer and his wife are just beginning to search for their first home. They’re prepared to look well beyond the D.C. neighborhood where they rent — possibly as far out as Annapolis, Maryland, some 30 miles to the east — to stay within their $700,000 budget. Born at the peak of the millennial generation, McDonald shares the experience of many of his peers, who have had a longer path to homeownership than previous generations.
The Northern Virginia Daily
(November 23, 2025)
There are ample opportunities for local residents to get involved in conservation efforts — many of which reach beyond the Shenandoah Valley. Justin Proctor, chair of Front Royal’s Advisory Committee for Environmental Sustainability (ACES) and coordinator of the Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute’s (NZCBI) Virginia Grassland Bird Initiative, spoke recently about ways local residents can improve the lives of migratory birds.
This article mentions the Virginia Grassland Bird Initiative, a Piedmont Environmental Council partner initiative with American Farmland Trust, the Smithsonian, Quail Forever, and Shenandoah Valley Conservancy.
The Daily Progress
(November 19, 2025)
Awildfire in Shenandoah National Park that closed down parts of Skyline Drive and the Appalachian Trail is now mostly contained. The National Park Service announced Tuesday that the fire, which started Sunday around Bear Den Mountain, is 80% contained.
Cardinal News
(November 25, 2025)
State regulators have approved Appalachian Power’s request to raise the average residential customer bill by $4.36 starting March 1. The latest increase will allow the company to recover $69 million associated with renewable energy projects that are making electricity now or will come online between March 2026 and February 2027.
Roanoke Rambler
(November 18, 2025)
Nationwide, data center operators including Google have tried to keep secret the amount of water projects could use. In Virginia, Roanoke Circuit Court Judge Leisa Ciaffone’s ruling appears to be the first time that a court has weighed in on whether such information can rightfully be withheld under the state’s Freedom of Information Act, according to a review of case law. But hers may not be the final word.
Axios
(November 17, 2025)
Google filed plans last week for "Project Peanut" — aka the large data center it's developing in Chesterfield County near Meadowville Technology Park. Why it matters: The plans offer locals the most details yet about the project — the first of three data centers Google hopes to build in the county. Zoom in: The project calls for: A total of 855,846 square-feet of data centers, spread across three buildings.
WFMD
(November 14, 2025)
The next steps in the development of overlay zones for critical digital infrastructure or data centers in Frederick County are expected to begin next month. This is an effort to limit data centers to areas where the infrastructure already exists, and restrict this development to no more than one-percent of Frederick County’s landmass. County Executive Jessica Fitzwater says she does not want to see Frederick County became like Northern Virginia when it comes to data centers.
The Crozet Gazette
(November 7, 2025)
It’s not exactly a glamorous job—hanging out on Afton Mountain, scanning the skies for predatory birds hour after hour, day after day. But for 50 years, volunteers have braved the transition from August’s punishing heat to November’s blustery winds to count the birds that soar and spiral above them on their way south.
Richmond Times-Dispatch
(November 24, 2025)
In recent legislative sessions, local governments have said proposed state mandates on zoning codes and land-use regulation could override policies they’ve adopted in response to residents’ wishes. Legislators listened carefully, and agreed. But the members of Commonwealth Housing Coalition think the price of homes and the rise in rents mean different voices will echo more loudly around the Capitol.
WHRO
(November 21, 2025)
The federal government shutdown is over, but many Virginians who rely on food stamps could soon face a new crisis as the Trump administration pushes recipients to reapply for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP. Health experts said the reapplication process, coming on the heels of weeks-long disruptions during the shutdown, will push already-strained families into deeper food insecurity — and widen the state’s growing nutrition gap.
Northern Virginia Magazine
(November 19, 2025)
Gov. Glenn Youngkin has announced $15.5 million in Virginia Land Conservation Foundation funding that will help conserve more than 8,600 acres of land across Virginia. These conservation grants will go to 28 projects across the commonwealth, including land in Prince William, Fauquier, and Stafford counties [and] will work to expand nature preserves and parks and protect farmland, forests, historic battlefields, and historically significant lands.
Reuters
(November 19, 2025)
PJM Interconnection, the biggest grid operator in North America, spanning 13 states and Washington, D.C., said they planned to move forward with a plan to manage the connection of the giant server warehouses that are propelling the country's power use to record highs and raising the risk of supply shortfalls.
WHRO
(November 19, 2025)
A new report from scientists across the state pulls together pretty much everything officials know about climate impacts, including regional differences. The first Virginia Climate Assessment was released Wednesday [Nov. 19], spearheaded by GMU’s Virginia Climate Center. Over the past year, the collaboration dug through scientific literature and data, drawing from more than 300 sources.
Richmond Times-Dispatch
(November 19, 2025)
State officials recently expanded a drought watch advisory to include 50 Virginia counties and 23 cities. The Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, in coordination with the Virginia Drought Monitoring Task Force, decided to expand the watch area after the task force’s meeting Nov. 13. The advisory applies to six drought evaluation regions — Middle James, Northern Virginia, Northern Piedmont, Roanoke River, Upper James and Shenandoah.
Business Insider
(November 18, 2025)
There's an artificial intelligence bubble you may not know about, and it could soon come for your electric bill. The companies that provide the power to data centers are pushing regulators to approve massive spending increases for power plants and grid infrastructure. The electricity forecasts they're using to make their case have an inflation problem — and consumers could end up paying for power plants they may never need.
The Hill
(November 14, 2025)
Research collected by Data Center Watch shows that residents and politicians across seven states have stopped or stalled the data center projects. Nine of the 16 documented data center blockages and delays have occurred in Virginia, the world’s unofficial data center capital, according to the research firm. The researchers said they believe the pushback on data center development in Virginia provides a blueprint for where the country is headed.
Tom's Hardware
(November 11, 2025)
A J.P. Morgan report suggests that AI growth won’t be constant, and that it might experience the same issue that plagued the telecom industry when it first started building fiber infrastructure. The report also highlighted that an unexpected breakthrough could lead to a compute overcapacity, wherein we will have massive AI data centers costing billions of dollars sitting idle because there is not enough demand to drive them.
